Along the front line, GPS and other GNSS signals are often unusable because of jamming; both sides also use spoofing to lure drones and missiles away from their targets. The consequences reach far beyond Ukraine: over the Baltic Sea region and around Kaliningrad, civil aviation has experienced large-scale interference since 2022, attributed to Russia. How this works technically is covered in the EW Academy (§ 14.7–14.8).
Space Academy · Contents · Chapter 9 · §9.4 · Nederlandse versie
§9.4 GNSS jamming and spoofing
Satellite navigation is jammed and falsified on both sides on an unprecedented scale.