| Core | Where | |
|---|---|---|
| NATO | Defensive; support to operations and awareness; no satellites of its own | This chapter |
| US | A separate service (Space Force); explicitly also offensive and defensive space control | Chapter 5 |
| Russia | Air and space as one coherent sphere; neutralising the Western advantage in space | Chapter 7 |
| China | Space as the "commanding height" for information dominance; rapid build-up of its own constellations | Chapter 8 |
Space Academy · Contents · Chapter 4 · §4.5 · Nederlandse versie
§4.5 NATO compared with the US, Russia and China
Four ways of looking at the same space.